Mortgage on a leasehold property
Take the first step towards understanding your mortgage options.
Ready to explore your options? Contact our team of mortgage experts today and start your journey towards owning a leasehold property.
Leasehold property mortgages offer a pathway to homeownership when the property you wish to buy doesn’t come with ownership of the land it sits upon. This is common with flats, apartments, and some houses, especially in England and Wales.
Understanding the different aspects of a leasehold mortgage, including ground rent, service charges, and the remaining lease term, is crucial to making an informed decision. It’s essential to know that the specifics of your leasehold agreement can impact not only your ownership rights but also the type of mortgage you can obtain, the rates available, and the potential for future property sales.
Whether you’re a first-time buyer or considering remortgaging, our guide aims to illuminate the path to obtaining and managing a mortgage on a leasehold property, providing the information you need to navigate the journey successfully.
A leasehold mortgage is a type of mortgage that is taken out on a leasehold property. In contrast to freehold properties, where the owner has ownership of the property and the land it sits on indefinitely, leasehold properties are those where the individual owns the property but not the land it is built on. The land is leased from the freeholder (or landlord) for a specified period of time, known as the term of the lease.
The mortgage, therefore, is secured on the borrower’s leasehold interest in the property. The length of the lease is a significant factor in securing a mortgage; lenders will typically require a certain number of years to be remaining on the lease when the mortgage term ends.
This type of mortgage is common in parts of the world where leasehold property is a standard form of ownership, such as in the UK, especially in the case of flats and apartments. It can be more complex than a mortgage on a freehold property due to additional factors like ground rent and service charges, as well as the declining value of the property as the lease term decreases.
Yes, you can get a mortgage on a leasehold property. However, it’s important to understand that it can be more complex compared to obtaining a mortgage for a freehold property due to several additional factors to consider.
Length of the lease: The length of time remaining on the lease is one of the most crucial factors. Many lenders require the lease to extend for a certain number of years beyond the end of your mortgage term. If the lease is relatively short, it could affect your ability to secure a mortgage, or it may affect the terms of any mortgage you can get.
Ground rent and service charges: Leasehold properties often come with additional costs, such as ground rent and service charges, which may affect your affordability calculations. It’s crucial to factor these costs in when considering how much you can afford to borrow.
Lease terms: Some leases may include restrictions or conditions that could affect your use of the property, which could, in turn, influence a lender’s willingness to offer a mortgage. It’s essential to review the terms of the lease carefully.
Future lease extensions: If the lease on a property is relatively short, you may need to consider the cost and process of extending the lease, which can be expensive and potentially complicated.
A mortgage on a leasehold property works in much the same way as a mortgage on a freehold property, but with some additional factors to consider due to the nature of leasehold ownership.
Here’s the general process:
A leasehold is a type of property tenure where a person, known as the leaseholder, has the right to use and occupy a property for a set period of time as specified by the lease agreement. This agreement is made with the freeholder (also known as the landlord or lessor), who owns the property outright, including the land it sits on.
Here are the key aspects of how a leasehold works:
Most mainstream banks and building societies in the UK do lend on leasehold properties, including but not limited to:
Remember, the terms and conditions may vary from lender to lender, especially with regard to the minimum length of the lease they will accept. Typically, lenders require the lease to be at least 70-80 years at the start of the mortgage, but the specifics can vary.
A mortgage for a leasehold property isn’t necessarily more expensive in terms of interest rates or fees than one for a freehold property. The factors that influence the cost of the mortgage itself, such as your credit score, deposit size, income, and the property’s value, work in the same way whether the property is leasehold or freehold.
However, owning a leasehold property often comes with additional costs that don’t apply to freehold properties. These can include:
Ground Rent: This is an annual charge that leaseholders must pay to the freeholder. The amount can vary greatly and may increase over time depending on the terms of the lease.
Service Charges: These are fees for maintenance of the building’s common areas and provision of services, such as cleaning, gardening, and general upkeep. This is common when the leasehold property is a flat in a larger building.
Lease Extension Costs: As the length of the lease decreases, it might become necessary to extend the lease, which can be expensive. A shorter lease can also devalue the property and make it harder to sell.
Permission Fees: Leaseholders might need to pay a fee to the freeholder if they want to make significant alterations to the property, or in some cases, for routine things like subletting or selling the property.
When you consider these additional costs, a leasehold property could end up being more expensive overall compared to a freehold property. It’s essential to consider all these potential costs when deciding whether to buy a leasehold property and how much you can afford to borrow.
The cost of a mortgage for a leasehold property will depend on various factors, just like any other mortgage. These factors include:
Interest Rate: This is the cost of borrowing and is expressed as a percentage of the loan. The rate can be fixed or variable. Your interest rate will be determined by various factors, including your credit score, loan-to-value ratio, and the term of the loan.
Deposit: This is the amount you pay upfront towards the purchase of the property. The remainder of the purchase price is made up by the mortgage. The larger your deposit, the smaller your mortgage will be and the less interest you will pay over the term of the loan.
Term of the Loan: This is the length of time over which you’ll repay the mortgage. The longer the term, the lower the monthly payments will be, but the total amount of interest paid over the term will be higher.
Fees and Charges: These include arrangement fees, booking fees, valuation fees, and others that the lender may charge. Some lenders may offer lower interest rates but with higher fees, or vice versa.
A short lease can significantly devalue a property in the UK, and this can be a crucial factor for buyers, sellers, and investors to consider. The potential devaluation due to a short lease can be influenced by various factors, including the remaining term of the lease, ground rent, and the potential costs involved in extending the lease. In prime locations, where property values are significantly high, even a slightly shortened lease can result in a substantial decrease in property value due to the absolute amounts at play.
In terms of exact figures, it’s challenging to determine precisely how much a short lease will devalue a property without delving into specifics, as it can depend heavily on the aforementioned variables. Nonetheless, it’s commonly acknowledged within the UK property market that a short lease can significantly curtail a property’s value and desirability, with some properties being devalued by as much as 20% to 30%, or even more in extreme cases, depending on the remaining length of the lease and other contextual factors.
Moreover, the UK Leasehold Reform Act grants tenants the right to extend their leases, but the length of the remaining lease significantly impacts the cost of doing so. The shorter the lease, the more expensive it becomes to extend it. Specifically, once a lease dips below 80 years, a “marriage value” is applied, which can notably increase the lease extension cost, thereby acting as a further deterrent to potential buyers.
Yes, it’s generally possible to extend the lease on your property while it’s still under a mortgage, and in many cases, it’s a good idea to do so. Lease extensions can maintain or even increase the property’s value, and they can prevent issues with remortgaging or selling the property in the future.
However, extending a lease can be a complicated and potentially expensive process. There are often costs involved, including a premium paid to the freeholder for the lease extension, plus legal fees and possibly a valuation fee.
Before you proceed with a lease extension, you should:
Check Your Mortgage Agreement: Some lenders may require you to seek permission before changing the terms of your lease, so check your mortgage agreement or speak with your lender before you proceed.
Seek Legal Advice: It’s a good idea to seek advice from a solicitor who specializes in lease extensions. They can guide you through the process and help ensure that you’re getting a fair deal.
Consider the Costs: Make sure to consider the costs involved and how they’ll be funded. You might need to seek additional borrowing from your current mortgage lender or another source to cover these costs.
Finally, in England and Wales, there are laws that give leaseholders the right to extend their lease or even buy the freehold after they’ve owned the property for two years. These rights can provide a more formal route to extending the lease, but they still involve costs and potential negotiations with the freeholder.
Yes, in many cases, leaseholders do have the right to buy the freehold of their property, a process known as “enfranchisement”. This process can give you more control over your property, eliminate ground rent, and potentially make the property more attractive to future buyers.
In England and Wales, the law allows leaseholders of flats to join together to buy the freehold of their building if they meet certain criteria, a process known as “collective enfranchisement”. To qualify, the building must meet certain requirements, and at least 50% of the leaseholders in the building must participate.
For leaseholders of houses, there is a separate legal right to buy the freehold of their property, known as the “right of first refusal”.
Both processes can be complex and potentially costly, involving legal and valuation fees plus the cost of the freehold itself. So, it’s important to get legal advice before proceeding.
Also, it’s important to note that mortgage lenders often have requirements regarding changes to the property’s tenure, so you should consult your lender or a mortgage advisor before buying the freehold.
When the lease on the property runs out, ownership technically reverts back to the freeholder, which can create significant issues if you still have a mortgage on the property. However, in practice, it’s highly unlikely that a lease would run out during your ownership, as leases are typically granted for very long periods (often 99 or 125 years, or even as long as 999 years).
Moreover, mortgage lenders usually require a certain number of years left on the lease at the time you take out the mortgage. They do this to ensure that the lease won’t run out while the mortgage is still in place. For instance, a lender may require that a lease has at least 70-80 years left on it at the time the mortgage begins.
If you find yourself in a situation where the lease is nearing its end, there are typically options available to you:
Whether buying a leasehold property is a good idea or not depends on your circumstances and needs, as well as the specifics of the leasehold agreement.
It’s important to fully understand the terms of the lease and consider the potential costs before buying a leasehold property. Professional advice from a solicitor or a leasehold expert can be invaluable in this process.
Leasehold properties come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages, which are important to understand if you’re considering buying one. Here’s a brief overview:
Affordability: Leasehold properties, particularly flats, can be more affordable than freehold properties, making them a good option for first-time buyers or those on a tight budget.
Less Responsibility: If you’re part of a leasehold block of flats, you won’t be directly responsible for maintaining the building or the land, as this is typically the freeholder’s responsibility. Costs for maintenance and repairs are usually shared among leaseholders.
Location: Many flats, especially in city centres, are leasehold. If you’re keen on living in a central location, buying a leasehold property might be your best or only option.
Ground Rent and Service Charges: Leaseholders usually have to pay ground rent to the freeholder, as well as service charges for the upkeep of the building’s common parts. These costs can add up and increase over time.
Decreasing Lease Term: As the length of the lease decreases, it can devalue the property and make it more difficult to sell or secure a mortgage. Extending the lease can be costly.
Restrictions: The lease agreement may include restrictions on what you can do with the property. This could include restrictions on owning pets, subletting, or making certain alterations to the property.
Ownership Limitations: As a leaseholder, you don’t own the land the property is built on, and this lack of control can be a disadvantage for some people.
In the end, the decision to buy a leasehold property will depend on your personal circumstances and preferences, as well as the specifics of the property and lease. It’s important to fully understand the terms of the lease and the potential costs before making a decision.
Mortgage lenders check the length of a lease on a leasehold property for several reasons:
Property Value: The value of a leasehold property is directly tied to the length of the lease. As the lease gets shorter, the property’s value can decrease. This could be a risk for the lender, as they might not be able to recover the full loan amount if they had to sell the property due to repossession.
Resale Potential: Properties with shorter leases can be harder to sell, as potential buyers may face the same issues with obtaining a mortgage. In addition, they might be put off by the potential costs and legal complexities of extending the lease.
Security of the Loan: The property acts as the security for the mortgage loan. If the lease expires during the mortgage term, the property reverts to the freeholder, which could leave the lender without the necessary security for the loan.
For these reasons, many lenders require that a leasehold property has a certain number of years left on the lease at the time the mortgage is taken out. The exact requirements can vary between lenders, but typically they’ll want the lease to extend for at least 70-80 years from the start of the mortgage.
Getting a mortgage on a property with a short lease can be challenging, but it’s not impossible. Many mortgage lenders require a lease to have at least 70 to 80 years remaining at the time the mortgage is taken out. If the lease term is shorter, lenders may be hesitant to provide a mortgage due to concerns about the property’s resale value and the risk associated with the loan.
If you’re looking to purchase a property with a short lease, you generally have a couple of options:
The main difference between a leasehold and a freehold lies in the ownership and responsibilities associated with the property.
Ownership: If you own a freehold property, you own the building and the land it stands on outright. It is your property until you decide to sell it.
Responsibility: As the freeholder, you are responsible for maintaining the building and the land. This includes everything from the roof to the gardens and driveways.
Costs: There are usually no additional costs other than routine maintenance and repair expenses.
Control: You have more control over the property. You don’t have to deal with a freeholder or pay any ground rent, and a lease imposes no restrictions.
Ownership: If you own a leasehold property, you have the right to live in the property for a set period, known as the ‘lease term’. The land the building stands on is owned by the freeholder (or ‘landlord’).
Responsibility: Responsibility for maintaining the building often lies with the freeholder or a management company. As a leaseholder, you might be responsible for maintaining the interior of your property, but this depends on the terms of your lease.
Costs: As a leaseholder, you may have to pay ground rent to the freeholder, service charges for the upkeep of common areas, and a share of the building insurance.
Control: Leasehold properties often come with restrictions, which could include obtaining the freeholder’s consent for certain alterations or not subletting without permission.
Lease Term: Over time, the lease term diminishes. When the lease term expires, the ownership of the property reverts back to the freeholder unless the lease is extended.
In general, houses are often sold as freehold properties, while flats are typically sold as leasehold, although there can be exceptions. It’s important to understand these differences before purchasing a property, as they can affect your responsibilities, costs, and your rights as a property owner.
The length of a lease on a leasehold property can significantly impact the mortgage rate and, in some cases, whether a mortgage lender is willing to lend at all. Generally, as the remaining term on a lease gets shorter, it can make a property less attractive to mortgage lenders for a few reasons:
Ground rent is a regular payment that a leaseholder makes to the freeholder as part of the conditions of the lease. When considering a leasehold property, it’s important to understand the details of the ground rent. This includes the amount, frequency of payment, and potential for increases over time, as it can affect your ability to obtain a mortgage.
Mortgage lenders will consider ground rent along with service charges and other outgoings when assessing your ability to afford the mortgage. If the ground rent is high, it might affect how much you can borrow.
Some leasehold contracts contain clauses that allow the ground rent to increase significantly over time. These clauses can affect your long-term affordability and can make lenders hesitant, as it increases the risk of you not being able to maintain your mortgage payments in the future.
Whether a freehold mortgage is “better” than a leasehold mortgage can depend on your personal circumstances, preferences, and the specifics of the property and lease agreement. However, there are some advantages to having a mortgage on a freehold property compared to a leasehold property:
Full Ownership: With a freehold, you own the property and the land it’s on outright, and it remains yours indefinitely. With a leasehold, you only own the property for the length of the lease and do not own the land.
No Ground Rent or Service Charges: Freehold properties don’t come with ground rent or service charges, which leaseholders often have to pay. These charges can sometimes increase significantly over time.
Fewer Restrictions: Freeholders don’t have to comply with the kind of restrictions that leaseholders often face, such as obtaining consent for certain alterations or not being allowed to sublet.
Simpler to Mortgage and Sell: Because you don’t have to consider lease length, ground rent, or service charges, freehold properties can be simpler to mortgage and sell.
However, freehold properties also come with their own responsibilities. As a freeholder, you’re responsible for the maintenance of the building and the land, which can be costly. Also, many flats, especially in city centres, are leasehold, so if you’re keen on this type of property or location, a leasehold may be your only option.
Remortgaging a leasehold property works in much the same way as remortgaging a freehold property, but there are additional factors to consider due to the nature of leasehold ownership.
When remortgaging, the new mortgage lender will consider the following factors:
Buy-to-let (BTL) mortgages for a leasehold property work similarly to those for a freehold property, but there are additional considerations due to the leasehold nature of the property. When considering a BTL mortgage for a leasehold property, lenders will review several key factors:
To find the best mortgage rates for leasehold properties, consider the following steps:
Research and Compare: Look at different mortgage lenders and their criteria, rates, and terms. This can be done online or through a broker.
Work with a Broker: A mortgage broker with experience in leasehold properties can be invaluable. They understand the complexities and potential issues, have knowledge of different lenders and their criteria, and can negotiate on your behalf.
Check Your Credit Score: Lenders will consider your credit score when deciding whether to lend to you and at what rate. Make sure your credit score is in good shape before you apply for a mortgage.
Improve Your Affordability: Lowering your debt-to-income ratio and saving for a larger deposit can improve the mortgage rates you’re offered.
Consider Lease Extension: If the remaining term on your lease is close to a lender’s minimum requirement, it could be worth considering extending the lease to access better rates.
Comparing mortgage rates for leasehold properties follows a similar process as for freehold properties, with some additional considerations due to the nature of the leasehold. Here’s how you can approach it:
A mortgage broker can be an invaluable resource when it comes to securing a mortgage on a leasehold property. They can provide guidance and expertise on various aspects of the process:
The change of a freeholder should not directly impact your mortgage. The terms of the lease, which is the contract between you (the leaseholder) and the landlord (the freeholder), remain the same even if the freeholder changes. Your obligations to your mortgage lender are also separate from the lease, so your mortgage terms and repayment arrangements should not be affected. However, it’s a good idea to inform your mortgage lender about the change of freeholder.
While the terms of the lease itself don’t change, the management style or practices of a new freeholder might. For example, they may handle maintenance, repairs, or service charges differently, which could indirectly affect your finances. If you have concerns or face issues following a change of freeholder, you may want to seek legal advice.
Selling a leasehold property with a mortgage can be more complex than selling a freehold property, mainly because of factors related to the lease. The length of the remaining lease is often the most significant factor.
Properties with a lease term of fewer than 80 years can be challenging to sell because potential buyers may struggle to get a mortgage.
Service charges and ground rent can also impact the attractiveness of your property to potential buyers. If these fees are high, it might deter some buyers.
However, selling a leasehold property with a mortgage is entirely possible, and many transactions occur without issue. The key is to understand the terms of your lease and be prepared to answer any questions potential buyers or their lenders might have. A good estate agent with experience selling leasehold properties can also be a big help.
Yes, many lenders will provide a mortgage for a leasehold property with a right to buy. The right to buy can make the property more attractive to both you and the lender because it offers the opportunity to eventually own the property outright.
When considering your mortgage application, lenders will still look at typical factors like your credit score, income, deposit size, and affordability. They will also consider factors specific to the leasehold property, such as the length of the remaining lease, service charges, and ground rent.
Keep in mind that exercising your right to buy will likely involve additional costs, such as the price to purchase the freehold, legal fees, and possibly a new mortgage or remortgage. Therefore, it’s worth speaking with a mortgage advisor or broker to understand all the implications.
Property improvements may potentially increase the value of your leasehold property, and in some cases, it may affect your mortgage. If the improvements significantly increase the property’s value, you might be able to access better mortgage terms or rates if you choose to refinance. Also, if you are looking to increase your mortgage to finance improvements, the increased property value could influence the amount you can borrow.
However, if you own a leasehold property, you must remember that any significant alterations usually require permission from the freeholder before you begin. This is outlined in the terms of your lease.
Failing to get this permission could lead to legal problems and could make it difficult to sell the property in the future.
When considering refinancing a leasehold property mortgage, several factors should be taken into account:
Remaining Lease Term: The remaining term on your lease can affect your ability to refinance. If the remaining term is less than 80 years, you may find it difficult to secure a mortgage with favourable terms.
Ground Rent and Service Charges: The amount you’re required to pay annually for ground rent and service charges can affect the affordability calculations lenders make when deciding whether to approve your refinance.
Permission for Alterations: If you’ve made significant alterations to the property, ensure that you obtained and can provide evidence of the necessary permissions from the freeholder.
Terms of the Lease: The specifics of the lease agreement can impact the refinancing process. Some leases have clauses that can be unattractive to lenders.
Yes, you can typically rent out a leasehold property with a mortgage, but there are a few steps to consider:
Mortgage Lender’s Permission: Check if your mortgage agreement allows for renting out the property. If it doesn’t, you may need to switch to a buy-to-let mortgage or obtain a “consent to let” from your current mortgage lender.
Freeholder’s Permission: Check the terms of your lease to see if you need permission from the freeholder to rent out the property. Some leases might restrict or prohibit subletting.
Insurance: Ensure your property is adequately insured for rental purposes.
Remember, becoming a landlord comes with its own set of legal responsibilities, so it’s essential to understand these before you rent out your property.
We are a hybrid mortgage broker and protection adviser. However, we want to make it clear that we do not have physical branch offices everywhere in the UK. You can get our services over the phone, online, and face-to-face in some circumstances.
Please keep in mind that while we may not be local to you, we may still assist you. Imagine if you had a long-term health issue that needed to be addressed. Would you rather have the person who is closest to you or the person who is the best? Now is the moment to put that critical thinking to work in your search.
Legal
Count Ready Limited is registered in England and Wales, No: 10283205. Registered Address: Unit 10, Robjohns House, Navigation Road, Chelmsford, England, CM2 6ND.
Count Ready Limited is an Appointed Representative of Connect IFA Limited 441505 which is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and is entered on the Financial Services Register (https://register.fca.org.uk/s/) under reference: 976111.
The FCA do not regulate some forms of Business Buy to Let Mortgages and Commercial Mortgages to Limited Companies.
The information contained within this website is subject on the UK regulatory regime and is therefore targeted at consumers based in the UK.
We usually charge fees of £595 on offer, but we will agree to our fees with you before we undertake any chargeable work. We will also be paid by commission from the lender.
Commission disclosure: We are a credit broker and not a lender. We have access to an extensive range of lenders. Once we have assessed your needs, we will recommend a lender(s) that provides suitable products to meet your personal circumstances and requirements, though you are not obliged to take our advice or recommendation. Whichever lender we introduce you to, we will typically receive commission from them after completion of the transaction. The amount of commission we receive will normally be a fixed percentage of the amount you borrow from the lender. Commission paid to us may vary in amount depending on the lender and product. The lenders we work with pay commission at different rates. However, the amount of commission that we receive from a lender does not have an effect on the amount that you pay to that lender under your credit agreement.
Disclaimer: All content on the Count Ready website can only ever provide general information and does not constitute financial advice. For this reason, we always recommend that you speak to authorised advisers for your needs. (Please be aware that by clicking onto any outbound links you are leaving the www.countready.co.uk. Please note that neither Count Ready or Connect IFA are responsible for the accuracy of the information contained within the linked site(s) accessible from this website.)
© Count Ready – 2024. All rights reserved.